Theoretically, one of the advantages of this type of procurement route is that the contractor must consider the entire development lifecycle when making design and construction decisions. Disadvantages include the complexity of project agreements and the difficulty of estimating costs and risks over long periods of time. Private Finance Initiative (PLT) projects, a form of PPP, have been criticized for not offering good value for money to public sector clients. In a construction transfer agreement, a third party develops and builds a renewable energy project and, once completed, transfers it to the utility, provided that regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions of the transaction are met. The developer obtains the land rights, permits, project contracts and other rights necessary for the construction of the project for the utility company. The public service then takes possession of it according to the terms of the BTA. At the end of this period, the contractor transfers ownership of the project to the client at a pre-agreed price. In addition, some utilities with limited tax interest invest with an investor in tax shares and often combine such structures with a build-transfer agreement. This CLE webinar provides energy consultants with an in-depth analysis of build-transfer agreements (BTAs) for renewable energy projects. The panel will discuss the main structuring methods for construction transfer transactions, the critical components of BTAs, the impact on tax equity investments, and the challenges that may arise during the engineering, procurement and construction phases of BTA projects. Construction transfer transactions create new opportunities for the development and construction of renewable energy projects. As a hybrid between a purchase agreement and a construction contract, BTAs allow direct ownership of a new renewable energy project as an alternative to power purchase agreements (PPAs) and offer incentives to utility or business owners and potential investors in tax capital. Listen to our panel discuss structuring techniques for the development of renewable energy projects using BTAs, risk mitigation provisions, the impact on mortgages, the potential benefits of investing in tax actions, and addressing regulatory barriers to construction transfer transactions.

A BOT project is typically used to develop a discrete asset rather than an entire network, and is usually completely new or new (although a renovation may be required). In a BOT project, the company or project operator typically receives its revenue through a fee charged to the utility/government, rather than through rates charged to consumers. A number of projects are called concessions, e.B toll road projects, which are new construction projects and have a number of similarities with BOT. [4] Parties to this type of transaction structure must take into account the characteristics of M&A purchase and sale agreements and EPC agreements. The lawyer must negotiate and refine material provisions such as development and construction phase agreements, closing conditions, warranties, limitations of liability and project oversight. A build-operate-transfer (BOT) agreement is an agreement under which an investor commits to build, finance, operate and maintain a specific infrastructure asset (for example. B, an airport, a port, a power plant, a water supply system, etc.) for a specified period of time before transferring the infrastructure asset to the government. The duration of such an agreement is generally long enough for the investor to recover the investment costs of building the infrastructure by charging a tariff or user fee during the period in which it operates the infrastructure. There are a number of variants of the basic BOT model. In the case of BOOT (Build-Own-Operate-Transfer) contracts, the contractor is the owner of the project during the project period. Under Construction Lease Transfer (BLT) contracts, the government leases the project to the contractor during the project period and assumes responsibility for its operation.

Other variants have the contractor`s design as well as the construction of the project. An example is a design-build-operate-transfer (DBOT) contract. Electric utilities in the U.S. have always been buyers and sellers, but not producers of renewable energy. Largely due to tax and accounting restrictions, vertically integrated regulated utilities have traditionally entered into power purchase agreements (PPAs) to source solar, wind and other renewable energy from independent power producers (IPPs), rather than building such projects and including them in their tariff base. For many utilities, this seemed like a missed opportunity, as they typically get a return on equity invested in power plants, transmission and distribution lines, but not on electricity purchased by others. A build-transfer contract (BTA) is a hybrid between a purchase contract and a construction contract. The developer obtains the required land rights, permits, interconnection rights and project contracts. When the project is „ready to go“, the developer (or his contractor) builds the project for public service. For wind or other projects that use PTCs, the utility typically takes possession when the project has been fully tested and commissioned and begins commercial operations – or has been „commissioned“ for federal tax purposes. For solar and wind projects that use ICTs, the property spends little time before the project goes live.

After that, the project can be operated and maintained by the utility, the original developer or a third party. Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) or Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT) is a form of project execution method, typically for large infrastructure projects, where a private entity receives a concession from the public sector (or, in rare cases, the private sector) to finance, design, build, own and operate a facility specified in the concession contract. This allows the project advocate to cover their investment, operation and maintenance costs in the project. The rules for investing in tax actions are complex and often at odds with other public service objectives, so it is necessary to ensure that tax requirements (including standardisation rules and rules prohibiting losses for certain related party sales) and other regulatory requirements are met. For example, some structures may include federal or state rules for transactions between regulated utilities and their subsidiaries. In addition, approval from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, along with the associated market power assessment, may be required if a project is to be transferred after it has begun to supply the grid with electricity. .